EFFICACY OF TOPICAL TRANEXAMIC ACID TO REDUCE BLOOD LOSS AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING (CABG)

Background: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass technique has a coagulopathy issue. Many factors act on coagulation process such as heparin level, thrombocytopenia, increased fibrinolysis and acquired platelet dysfunction. The human body responds to stress dramatic resilience. For example, bleeding diathesis is common pump, after injury clotting mechanisms are immediately activated reduce blood loss, volume restored by shifting fluids from extracellular compartment redistribution flow occurs. Fibrinolytic cascade CPB usage. Before it was thought that excessive due dysfunction depletion. Recently, suggested many lines information fibrinolytic activation leads during postoperative period. Multiple agents like Tranexamic acid Aminocaproic etc anti-fibrinolytic can be administered minimize postoperatively.
 Objectives: To compare efficacy topical application loss (CABG).
 Methods: It randomized controlled trial. This research program carried out at Unit Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery, Institute Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore December 6th, 2017 5th, 2018. First patient evaluated 11th 2017. Seventy patients were enrolled, who eligible for this study, achieving inclusion criteria. Two groups selected population made randomization. Group A comprised 35 whom 1 gm diluted Acid using 100 ml normal saline solution poured pericardial cavity. B involved well, given standard care treatment which in case saline. Since 100ml did not contain any active ingredient treatment, therefore considered placebo. Intervention (Placebo or TXA) efficacious if resulted less than 500ml 72 hours post-op post-op. drugs within compared Chi-square test. Independent sample t-test applied data analysis p-value ≤0.05 being taken significant.
 Results: In our total70patients enrolled. Group-A (Tranexamic Acid) Group-B (Placebo) made. group-A, there 30 (85.7%) male 5(14.3%) female patients. group-B, 28(80.0%) 7(20.0%) female. study population, mean age 52.4±9.9 years 53.6±10.1 group A&B respectively. 22(62.9%) intervention showed (blood <500ml), while only 09(25.7%) group-B <500ml, 0.002 statistically Conclusion: Topical reduces (CABG).